{"id":706,"date":"2021-06-18T15:17:27","date_gmt":"2021-06-18T13:17:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bioethanolshop.nl\/?p=706"},"modified":"2021-06-18T15:21:56","modified_gmt":"2021-06-18T13:21:56","slug":"kads-ir-bioetanola-oglekla-dioksida-emisijas-nospiedums","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bioethanolshop.nl\/lv\/wat-is-de-koolstofvoetafdruk-van-bio-ethanol\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u0101da ir bioetanola oglek\u013ca dioks\u012bda p\u0113da?"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u0101da ir bioetanola oglek\u013ca dioks\u012bda p\u0113da?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Videi draudz\u012bga attieksme vairs nav tikai margin\u0101la probl\u0113ma. T\u0101 k\u0101 antropomorf\u0101s klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146u sekas k\u013c\u016bst arvien redzam\u0101kas, pieaug kolekt\u012bva v\u0113lme aizsarg\u0101t m\u016bsu plan\u0113tu un vidi. Lai gan, lai c\u012bn\u012btos pret klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m, ir nepiecie\u0161ams, lai cilv\u0113ki main\u012btu savu uzved\u012bbu gan individu\u0101li, gan sabiedr\u012bbas l\u012bmen\u012b, liela noz\u012bme ir ar\u012b za\u013caj\u0101m tehnolo\u0123ij\u0101m. Jebkur\u0161 jaunin\u0101jums, kas \u013cauj samazin\u0101t kait\u012bgo emisiju un rad\u012bt maz\u0101k atkritumu, var b\u016bt noz\u012bm\u012bgs c\u012b\u0146\u0101 pret klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Viens no galvenajiem glob\u0101l\u0101 pies\u0101r\u0146ojuma avotiem ir transportl\u012bdzek\u013cu rad\u012bt\u0101s emisijas. Daudziem cilv\u0113kiem person\u012bg\u0101 automa\u0161\u012bna ir nepiecie\u0161am\u012bba. Bez automa\u0161\u012bnas vi\u0146i nevar\u0113tu doties uz darbu, aizvest b\u0113rnus uz skolu vai aizbraukt t\u0101l\u0101k par sav\u0101m durv\u012bm. Ta\u010du, ja vien j\u016bs nevarat at\u013cauties ieg\u0101d\u0101ties elektromobili un jums nav paveicies dz\u012bvot viet\u0101, kur ir pien\u0101c\u012bga infrastrukt\u016bra, brauk\u0161ana ar auto noz\u012bm\u0113, ka j\u016bs veicin\u0101siet nebeidzamo pies\u0101r\u0146ojuma un siltumn\u012bcefekta g\u0101zu emisiju pl\u016bsmu, par kuru esam atbild\u012bgi m\u0113s visi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bioetanols<\/a> k\u013c\u016bst par daudzsolo\u0161u alternat\u012bvu degvielu, kas k\u0101du dienu var\u0113tu \u013caut mums braukt tik daudz, cik v\u0113lamies, neuztraucoties par to, kas izpl\u016bst no m\u016bsu izpl\u016bdes g\u0101z\u0113m. Ikvienam, kas tiecas uz oglek\u013ca zi\u0146\u0101 neitr\u0101lu n\u0101kotni, vajadz\u0113tu piev\u0113rst uzman\u012bbu bioetanolam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0101 tiek ra\u017eota bioetanola degviela?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bioetanolam ir daudz priek\u0161roc\u012bbu sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar tradicion\u0101laj\u0101m degviel\u0101m, ta\u010du t\u0101 galvenais priek\u0161roc\u012bba ir t\u0101 draudz\u012bgums videi. Bioetanola ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101 izmanto atjaunojamos resursus, proti, t\u0101das kult\u016bras k\u0101 kukur\u016bza, kukur\u016bza un kukur\u016bza. Princip\u0101 to var ra\u017eot no jebkura auga, kas satur cukuru un cieti. M\u0113s izmantojam terminu \"biomasa\" k\u0101 visaptvero\u0161u terminu, kas apz\u012bm\u0113 atjaunojamus organiskos materi\u0101lus, kuri ieg\u016bti no augiem un dz\u012bvniekiem. Biomasa ietver dz\u012bvus organismus, no dz\u012bviem organismiem ieg\u016btus materi\u0101lus un nesen miru\u0161u organismu materi\u0101lus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prec\u012bzs bioetanola degvielas ra\u017eo\u0161anas process ir atkar\u012bgs no izmantot\u0101s biomasas sast\u0101va. Liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca p\u0113t\u012bjumu pa\u0161laik ir v\u0113rsti uz lignocelulozes materi\u0101liem, tostarp v\u012btolu, eikaliptu, salmiem, cukurniedr\u0113m, lauksaimniec\u012bbas atlikumiem un citiem koksnes un z\u0101les materi\u0101liem, ko bie\u017ei uzskata par atkritumiem. Lai sara\u017eotu 1 tonnu bioetanola, nepiecie\u0161amas 2-4 tonnas lignocelulozes biomasas. P\u0113tnieki dod priek\u0161roku lignocelulozes biomasai, jo t\u0101s ir vair\u0101k nek\u0101 p\u0101rtikas kult\u016braugu un t\u0101s ra\u017eo\u0161ana ir l\u0113t\u0101ka, jo \u012bpa\u0161i t\u0101p\u0113c, ka t\u0101 tik un t\u0101 tiek uzskat\u012bta par atkritumiem. Turkl\u0101t t\u0101s neto ener\u0123ijas bilance ir augst\u0101ka nek\u0101 citiem biomasas veidiem, t\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101 ir ar\u012b ekolo\u0123ija <\/a>padara to pievilc\u012bg\u0101ku. Lignocelulozes biomasa var samazin\u0101t siltumn\u012bcefekta g\u0101zu emisijas l\u012bdz pat 90%, kas ir daudz lab\u0101k nek\u0101 pirm\u0101s paaudzes biodegvielas.\"bioetanola<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u016bkums lignocelulozes biomasas izmanto\u0161an\u0101 bioetanola ra\u017eo\u0161anai ir tas, ka t\u0101 satur da\u017e\u0101dus og\u013chidr\u0101tu polim\u0113rus, tostarp celulozi. Celuloze ir galven\u0101 augu \u0161\u016bnu sieni\u0146u sast\u0101vda\u013ca, kas sast\u0101v no glikozes molekul\u0101m. Kad celuloze tiek sadal\u012bta proces\u0101, ko sauc par hidrol\u012bzi, izdal\u0101s glikoze. Ir vair\u0101ki veidi, k\u0101 lignocelulozes biomasas celulozi hidroliz\u0113t, lai ieg\u016btu ferment\u0113jamus cukurus. Visbie\u017e\u0101k izmantot\u0101s metodes ietver biomasas apstr\u0101di ar sk\u0101bi vai specifiskiem fermentiem un kars\u0113\u0161anu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nelignocelulozes biomasai, piem\u0113ram, graudiem, pirmais solis ir biomasas mal\u0161ana, lai atbr\u012bvotu cieti. Ieg\u016bto materi\u0101lu sajauc ar noteiktu \u016bdens daudzumu, lai kontrol\u0113tu cukura un rauga attiec\u012bbu ieg\u016btaj\u0101 mis\u0101. Mais\u012bjuma kars\u0113\u0161ana iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdina \u016bden\u012b \u0161\u0137\u012bsto\u0161o cieti, bet sk\u0101bes vai fermentu hidrol\u012bze vienlaikus p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161 cieti cukur\u0101. Ieg\u016btais mais\u012bjums tiek uzpirkts l\u012bdz pH no 4,8 l\u012bdz 5,0, kas ir nedaudz sk\u0101bs. Tas ir nepiecie\u0161ams, lai raugs, kas raudz\u0113 cukurus, var\u0113tu augt. Ferment\u0101cijas proces\u0101 rodas etanols un CO2. Turpm\u0101k\u0101 destil\u0101cija un dehidrat\u0101cija palielina etanola koncentr\u0101ciju \u0161\u0137\u012bdum\u0101.\"kynast<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lai etanolu var\u0113tu izmantot k\u0101 degvielu, tam j\u0101b\u016bt \u013coti t\u012bram, p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas tuv\u0101k 100%. R\u016bpnieciski ra\u017eotajam etanolam ir sal\u012bdzino\u0161i augsts \u016bdens saturs, kas samazina t\u012br\u012bbu. Ir vair\u0101kas etanola dehidrat\u0101cijas metodes, un visas t\u0101s pa\u0161laik p\u0113tnieki p\u0113ta, lai uzlabotu efektivit\u0101ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0101das ir bioetanola priek\u0161roc\u012bbas videi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bioetanolu ne tikai ieg\u016bst no atjaunojamiem avotiem, bet ar\u012b iev\u0113rojami samazina siltumn\u012bcefekta g\u0101zu emisijas ra\u017eo\u0161anas laik\u0101 un sadedzinot gatavo degvielu, sal\u012bdzinot ar tradicion\u0101lo degvielu. Etanola pievieno\u0161ana benz\u012bnam palielina okt\u0101nskaitli, kas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka tas deg, nevis deg, un \u013cauj mums izsmelt arvien sar\u016bko\u0161\u0101s naftas rezerves. Naftas rezervju izmanto\u0161anas ilguma pagarin\u0101\u0161ana uzlabo m\u016bsu degvielas dro\u0161\u012bbu un samazina m\u016bsu atkar\u012bbu no naftas ra\u017eot\u0101jvalst\u012bm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ja v\u0113laties uzzin\u0101t, vai bioetanols rada oglek\u013ca monoks\u012bdu vai citas kait\u012bgas vielas, atbilde ir \"n\u0113\". Sadedzinot bioetanolu, rodas \u013coti maz izme\u0161u; tas ir iev\u0113rojami t\u012br\u0101ks par tradicion\u0101lo degvielu. Visslikt\u0101kais, ko t\u0101 izdala, ir nenoz\u012bm\u012bgs oglek\u013ca dioks\u012bda daudzums, kas ir p\u0101r\u0101k mazs, lai rad\u012btu jebk\u0101du negat\u012bvu ietekmi uz cilv\u0113ku vai vides vesel\u012bbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iesp\u0113jams, esat dzird\u0113ju\u0161i pretrun\u012bgus apgalvojumus par bioetanola rad\u012bto oglek\u013ca dioks\u012bda emisiju. Vai bioetanols ir vai nav oglek\u013ca neitr\u0101ls? Atbilde ir - j\u0101, t\u0101 ir oglek\u013ca zi\u0146\u0101 neitr\u0101la. Bet jums ir j\u0101jaut\u0101 sev, k\u0101p\u0113c bioetanols ir oglek\u013ca zi\u0146\u0101 neitr\u0101ls. Atbilde paties\u012bb\u0101 ir pavisam vienk\u0101r\u0161a: oglek\u013ca dioks\u012bda daudzums, kas izdal\u0101s bioetanola ra\u017eo\u0161anas proces\u0101, ir t\u0101ds pats k\u0101 oglek\u013ca dioks\u012bda daudzums, ko fotosint\u0113zes laik\u0101 uz\u0146em augi, kuri ra\u017eo degvielu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0101reja no naftas degvielas uz bioetanolu pal\u012bdz\u0113s atjaunot ozona sl\u0101ni virs Zemes, kas ir vides kust\u012bbas ilgtermi\u0146a m\u0113r\u0137is. Kad etanols <\/a>sadeg\u0161anas, ieg\u016btie produkti maz\u0101k rea\u0123\u0113 ar saules gaismu nek\u0101 emisijas no parastajiem kurin\u0101m\u0101 avotiem. Pat maz ticams, ka pat liela m\u0113roga etanola dedzin\u0101\u0161ana var\u0113tu no\u0101rd\u012bt ozona sl\u0101ni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pat tad, ja tuv\u0101kaj\u0101 n\u0101kotn\u0113 turpin\u0101sim izmantot tradicion\u0101lo degvielu, lai samazin\u0101tu siltumn\u012bcefekta g\u0101zu emisijas, m\u0113s joproj\u0101m varam izmantot bioetanolu. Bioetanola sajauk\u0161ana ar benz\u012bnu sniedz vair\u0101kas v\u0113rt\u012bgas priek\u0161roc\u012bbas. Pirmk\u0101rt, tas palielina degvielas okt\u0101nskaitli, ko parasti ir gr\u016bti un d\u0101rgi izdar\u012bt. Bag\u0101tinot zemas kvalit\u0101tes degvielu ar etanolu, m\u0113s varam samazin\u0101t kait\u012bgo izme\u0161u daudzumu un uzlabot veiktsp\u0113ju. Bioetanola pievieno\u0161ana degvielai noz\u012bm\u0113 ar\u012b to, ka m\u0113s varam v\u0113l vair\u0101k palielin\u0101t savu apg\u0101di un samazin\u0101t atkar\u012bbu no naftas ra\u017eot\u0101jvalst\u012bm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kopum\u0101 bioetanola pla\u0161a izmanto\u0161ana uzlabotu gaisa kvalit\u0101ti un samazin\u0101tu kancerog\u0113no da\u013ci\u0146u izplat\u012bbu. Notieko\u0161ie p\u0113tniec\u012bbas un izstr\u0101des projekti past\u0101v\u012bgi uzlabo bioetanola labv\u0113l\u012bgo ietekmi uz vidi, padarot to v\u0113l pievilc\u012bg\u0101ku perspekt\u012bvu. Piem\u0113ram, jaun\u0101k\u0101s bioetanola ra\u017eot\u0146u konstrukcijas nodro\u0161ina, ka viss novad\u012btais \u016bdens ir nekait\u012bgs videi. Da\u017eas r\u016bpn\u012bcas p\u0101rstr\u0101d\u0101 bioetanola ra\u017eo\u0161anas proces\u0101 radu\u0161os notek\u016bde\u0146us, lai tos var\u0113tu izmantot atk\u0101rtoti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0101diem nol\u016bkiem izmanto bioetanola degvielu?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Etanols ir daudzpus\u012bga degviela, kas jau ir pier\u0101d\u012bjusi savu potenci\u0101lu vair\u0101k\u0101s svar\u012bg\u0101s jom\u0101s. Pa\u0161laik bioetanols vispla\u0161\u0101k tiek izmantots k\u0101 transporta degviela, un daudzi autob\u016bves nozares p\u0101rst\u0101vji sagaida, ka bioetanols ar laiku aizst\u0101s benz\u012bnu k\u0101 galveno degvielu person\u012bgajiem transportl\u012bdzek\u013ciem. Tom\u0113r viena no bioetanola priek\u0161roc\u012bb\u0101m ir t\u0101, ka tam nav piln\u012bb\u0101 j\u0101aizst\u0101j benz\u012bns, lai pan\u0101ktu izmai\u0146as. Etanolu bie\u017ei izmanto, lai uzlabotu zemas kvalit\u0101tes degvielas veiktsp\u0113ju, un tirg\u016b ir pieejami vair\u0101ki degvielas mais\u012bjumi, kuros bioetanols tiek kombin\u0113ts ar d\u012bze\u013cdegvielu vai benz\u012bnu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bioetanolu, t\u0101pat k\u0101 jebkuru citu degvielu, var sadedzin\u0101t, lai ieg\u016btu ener\u0123iju un elektroener\u0123iju. P\u0113t\u012bjumi par bioetanola potenci\u0101lo noz\u012bmi elektroener\u0123ijas ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101 turpin\u0101s. Sal\u012bdzinot ar ogl\u0113m un naftu, etanolam ir daudz maz\u0101ka siltumener\u0123ijas jauda, kas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka ir nepiecie\u0161ams daudz liel\u0101ks daudzums, lai ieg\u016btu t\u0101du pa\u0161u ener\u0123ijas daudzumu. Tom\u0113r m\u0113s varam at\u013cauties sadedzin\u0101t daudz vair\u0101k etanola, neradot kait\u0113jumu videi un neradot toksiskas emisijas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arvien popul\u0101r\u0101ki k\u013c\u016bst ar\u012b bioetanola kam\u012bni. Tie nerada d\u016bmus vai citus kait\u012bgus blakusproduktus, tie izskat\u0101s lieliski, un tiem nav nepiecie\u0161ams skurstenis vai piesl\u0113gums g\u0101zes vadam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u0101 bioetanolu var sal\u012bdzin\u0101t ar tradicion\u0101lo degvielu?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sal\u012bdzinot ar benz\u012bnu, bioetanolam ir daudz maz\u0101ks ener\u0123ijas saturs. Ja jums ir divi identiski transportl\u012bdzek\u013ci, no kuriem viens darbojas ar benz\u012bnu, bet otrs - ar bioetanolu, ar benz\u012bnu darbin\u0101tais transportl\u012bdzeklis var\u0113s turpin\u0101t braukt. Tom\u0113r bioetanols nerada tikpat kait\u012bgas emisijas k\u0101 benz\u012bns. T\u0101 k\u0101 bioetanola ra\u017eo\u0161anas izmaksas turpina samazin\u0101ties un ra\u017eo\u0161anas metodes k\u013c\u016bst arvien efekt\u012bv\u0101kas, iesp\u0113jams, m\u0113s non\u0101ksim l\u012bdz br\u012bdim, kad bie\u017e\u0101ka degvielas izmanto\u0161ana transportl\u012bdzek\u013cos tiks uzskat\u012bta par izdev\u012bgu kompromisu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bioetanolam ir augst\u0101ks okt\u0101nskaitlis nek\u0101 benz\u012bnam, un to var pat pievienot benz\u012bnam, lai palielin\u0101tu okt\u0101nskaitli. Augst\u0101ks okt\u0101nskaitlis noz\u012bm\u0113, ka bioetanols dzin\u0113j\u0101 sadeg, nevis aizdegas, un tam piem\u012bt lab\u0101kas pretkv\u0113pu \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Etanols ir maz\u0101k gaisto\u0161s nek\u0101 benz\u012bns, ko nosaka p\u0113c Reida tvaika spiediena. Zem\u0101ks bioetanola spiediens noz\u012bm\u0113, ka tas iztvaiko l\u0113ni, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di saglab\u0101jot zemu iztvaiko\u0161anas izme\u0161u koncentr\u0101ciju un v\u0113l vair\u0101k samazinot degvielas eksplozijas risku. Tom\u0113r zemais tvaika spiediens var b\u016bt ar\u012b etanola tr\u016bkums. Zema spiediena un vienotas vir\u0161anas temperat\u016bras kombin\u0101cija noz\u012bm\u0113, ka dzin\u0113ji, kas darbojas ar t\u012bru etanolu, nevar iedarboties bez pal\u012bgier\u012bces, ja temperat\u016bra ir zem\u0101ka par 20 gr\u0101diem p\u0113c Celsija. Ja bioetanolu k\u0101dreiz nopietni apsv\u0113rs k\u0101 prim\u0101ro automobi\u013cu degvielu, dzin\u0113jiem b\u016bs j\u0101kompens\u0113 \u0161\u012b probl\u0113ma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bioetanolam un l\u012bdz\u012bg\u0101m biodegviel\u0101m var b\u016bt liela noz\u012bme c\u012b\u0146\u0101 pret klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m. Bioetanolam ir ne tikai pla\u0161as izmanto\u0161anas iesp\u0113jas, bet bioetanola ra\u017eo\u0161ana ir ar\u012b oglek\u013ca zi\u0146\u0101 neitr\u0101la. Piev\u0113rsiet uzman\u012bbu \u0161ai jomai, jo t\u0101 var\u0113tu b\u016bt n\u0101kotnes degviela.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u0101da ir bioetanola oglek\u013ca dioks\u012bda p\u0113da? Videi draudz\u012bga attieksme vairs nav tikai margin\u0101la probl\u0113ma. T\u0101 k\u0101 antropomorf\u0101s<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-706","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-algemeen","category-bioethanol-advies"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWat is de koolstofvoetafdruk van bio-ethanol? | Bioethanolshop.nl<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bioethanolshop.nl\/lv\/kads-ir-bioetanola-oglekla-dioksida-emisijas-nospiedums\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"lv_LV\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Wat is de koolstofvoetafdruk van bio-ethanol?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Wat is de koolstofvoetafdruk van bio-ethanol? 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Milieubewust zijn is niet langer een marginale zorg. 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